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SARS

What is SARS?

SARS stands for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome. It is a new pathogen which belongs to the Corona virus family and has never before been seen in humans. Corona viruses are so named as they have a halo or crown like (corona) appearance when viewed under a microscope.

SARS has now been reported in 26 countries, and has been found in Europe making it of growing importance to the UK population.

Symptoms and Progression of the Virus

SARS usually begins with a fever which can be associated with chills, it can also be associated with headaches, feelings of discomfort and body aches. After 2-7 days the symptoms progress to a dry unproductive cough which may progress to a stage where the blood is not receiving enough oxygen. In 10-20% of cases mechanical ventilation is needed.

According to data from the WHO (World Health Organisation) as of 28th April 2003 a cumulative total of 4836 cases have been reported with 293 deaths (approximately 6%).

Transmission

SARS is principally spread by droplet transmission. This means when someone with SARS coughs or sneezes droplets enter the air and can be inhaled by someone else. It is possible that SARS may also be transmitted through the air or from objects that have become contaminated.

Prevention

The WHO say "hand washing is crucial: therefore access to clean water is essential. Hands should be washed before and after contact with any patient, after activities likely to cause contamination and after removing gloves". The use of alcohol rubs is also recommended.

The use of Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) in a situation with a known patient is recommended items worn in this situation should include:

  1. A face mask providing appropriate respiratory protection,
  2. Single pair of gloves,
  3. Eye protection,
  4. Disposable gown,
  5. Apron, and,
  6. Footwear that can be decontaminated.

From this it can be seen that by just following normal infection control procedures the risk of transmission should be reduced.

schülke

From a schülke point of view we believe that due to the structure of the SARS virus all of our products which are effective (i.e. have been tested) against Vaccinia or Hepatitis C (BVDV) are also effective against corona viruses.


These products include: desderman® N rub and gel, gigasept® (range of products), mikrozid® liquid, aspirmatic®, perform® ID and terralin® Liquid.

Update

"According to the Public Health Laboratory Service those travelling to affected areas with SARS, should keep basic guidelines, among them to assemble a travel health kit containing basic first aid and medical supplies, including a thermometer and alcohol-based hand rubs for hand hygiene."

Further information

Up to the minute information regarding SARS can be found at World Health Organisations website (www.who.int).
Other information can be found at:

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